Projekte in den Förderprogrammen des BMEL, betreut durch den Projektträger BLE (PT BLE)
Ergebnis der Suche
| Titel: | Molekulare Rückverfolgung viraler Pathogene in der Aquakultur (MOLTRAQ) |
|---|---|
| Titel (englisch): | Molecular Tracing of Viral Pathogens in Aquaculture (MOLTRAQ) |
| Beschreibung (dt.): | Ziel des Vorhabens ist es, die Kenntnisse zur Verbreitung, Prävention und Kontrolle verschiedener viraler Krankheiten in der Aquakultur zu erhöhen. Es werden bedeutende Faktoren identifiziert, die zur Ausbreitung von Krankheiten in der Aquakultur führen. Dazu werden räumlich-zeitliche epidemiologische und phylogenetische Daten erfasst sowie Studien zur Genexpression bedeutender viraler Pathogene durchgeführt. Die Daten werden in Simulationsmodelle integriert, um deren Einfluss auf verschiedene Kontrollstrategien der Wirts-Pathogen Systeme zu beurteilen. Das FLI ist verantwortlich für die Identifizierung und Charakterisierung verschiedener Fischviren, wie den Rhabdoviren IHNV, VHSV, SVCV sowie den Herpesviren KHV und HVA . Basierend auf den Sequenzanalysen ausgewählter Gene werden Mikrochip-Techniken etabliert und validiert. Ergebnisse der Studien zur Epidemiologie, Phylogenie und Expression werden in Simulationsmodellen eingearbeitet, um Kontrollstrategien zu erarbeiten. Erwartete Ergebnisse sind ein Wissenszuwachs zur Diversität und Verbreitung der ausgewählten Fischviren sowie zu Faktoren zur Ausbreitung dieser in der Aquakultur. Zur Kontrolle und Bekämpfung der viralen Pathogene werden Maßnahmen zur Überwachung, Prävention und Differentialdiagnose sowie Entscheidungshilfen für den Handel erarbeitet. Die Ergebnisse werden auf internationalen Kongressen vorgestellt und in Fachzeitschriften publiziert. |
| Beschreibung (engl.): | This project will i) generate and use spatio-temporal epidemiological data, phylogeographic data and gene expression data for important host-viral pathogen systems to identify important factors affecting the spread of diseases in aquaculture, and ii) integrate these in scenario simulation models to assess effects of various control strategies for selected host-pathogen systems. The purpose of the project is to increase knowledge on transmission, prevention and control of different viral diseases in aquaculture. The specific objectives are: 1) Collection of isolates of important aquatic animal viruses belonging to different virus families like Alphaviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Nodaviridae and Alloherpesviridae and their respective epidemiological data, 2) Characterisation of the isolates by phylogenetic and expression analyses and 3) Constructing scenario simulation models to assess effects of different control strategies.The main objectives of FLI are the identification and characterization of different fish viruses, including the rhabdoviruses IHNV, VHSV and SVCV as well as the herpesviruses KHV and HVA (WP 1, 2, 3; FLI 23 MM). Based on these analyses selected gene sequences from different virus isolates will be provided to establish and validate microarrays (WP 4; FLI 4 MM). Epidemiological, phylogenetic and expression data will be integrated in scenario simulation models to assess effects of control strategies for selected host-pathogen systems (WP5, 6; FLI 3 MM). |
| Ergebnis (engl.): | Summary The focus of the project has been to collect virus isolates from several different host-pathogen systems from all over Europe, and utilise these to increase knowledge on transmission, prevention and control of viral diseases in aquaculture and develop a generic approach to viral disease control. The uniqueness of the MOLTRAQ project was that the focus was on identifying generic properties of viral aquatic pathogens. This could be achieved because the joined project group had a large collection of different virus isolates sampled from many different species of fish and molluscs in many different countries over a considerable timespan. the access to high quality data on samples of representative isolates belonging to various fish and shellfish viruses including part- and whole genome sequences together with epidemiological data. This has allowed for phylogenetic comparisons of differences and similarities between virus isolates over a wide span in time and space. Specifically, the intraspecific phylogeny and evolution of one of the most serious aquatic viral diseases, viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHS), on a European base has been elucidated. The genetic diversity of the ostreid herpesvirus 1 that has been ravaging the Pacific oyster industry in later years has also been disentangled. The webbased platform www.fishpathogens.eu has been extended with a database on Betanodavirus, and work on one on Salmonid Alphaviruses has been initiated. The platform ensures worldwide access for professionals and researchers within the field of aquatic viruses, to quality-controlled collections of molecular- and epidemiological data on virus specimens. Molecular tracing of outbreaks of VHS, Infectious Heamatopoietic Necrosis virus (IHNV) and betanodaviruses has been performed and manuscripts for publication of the findings are currently under preparation. A model that has been successfully used to trace the outbreaks of Infectious Salmon Aneamia virus in Norway to infections with the low-pathogenic variant HPR0, has been adapted to trace the sources of outbreak of VHS in Denmark, thus demonstrating that the model can be used on several different host-pathogen systems. In order to gain knowledge into the factors that control viral spread at the molecular level, the project has been investigating the effect of temperature on viral expression for the Carp virus, Cyprinid herpesvirus-3. For this, high-throughput next-generation sequencing of viral genomes from virus isolates collected at different temperatures has been performed, thus using this method for identifying potential virulence factors. Finally, a stochastic model using spatio-temporal data on infected and non-infected populations of Atlantic Salmon in Norway, simulating the spread of Pancreas Disease (PD) has been developed. This model is now being used to investigate the economic consequences of using screening for virus to forecast disease-outbreaks and perform coordinated early harvest to avoid outbreaks in defined zones. |
| Laufzeit: | Beginn: 01.04.2012 / Ende: 30.09.2015 |
| Ausf. Einrichtung: | Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut Bundesforschungsinstitut für Tiergesundheit - Institut für Infektionsmedizin, Greifswald |
| Themenfelder: | Tiergesundheit, animal health |
| Förderprogramme: | EU-Forschung |
| Schlagworte: | Zoonosen, zoonosis, Fische, fish, Virologie, Virology |
| Stichpunkte: | Epidemiologie |
| Förderkennzeichen: | 2811ERA174 |
| Dokument zum Download: | EMIDA Call Progress Report 11ERA174.pdf (1,2 MB) |
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